淀粉是綠色植物通過光合作用產(chǎn)生的有機物質(zhì)，可用于長期儲能。 淀粉的結(jié)構(gòu)比傳統(tǒng)聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜得多。 目前，關(guān)于淀粉微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的研究較少。 淀粉基聚合物的加工涉及多種化學(xué)和物理反應(yīng)，包括水?dāng)U散、糊化、熔化和結(jié)晶。 一種重要的加工方法是淀粉的糊化。

Starch is an organic substance produced by green plants through photosynthesis, which can be used for long-term energy storage. The structure of starch is much more complex than that of traditional polymers. At present, there are few studies on the microstructure of starch. The processing of starch based polymers involves a variety of chemical and physical reactions, including water diffusion, gelatinization, melting and crystallization. An important processing method is gelatinization of starch.

隨著溫度升高，玉米淀粉顆粒膨脹直爆裂。 這種現(xiàn)象也發(fā)生在玉米淀粉的結(jié)晶區(qū)，隨著溫度的升高，結(jié)晶區(qū)逐漸減小并消失。 熱臺顯微鏡實驗證實了這一觀察結(jié)果。

With the increase of temperature, corn starch granules expanded until bursting. This phenomenon also occurs in the crystallization zone of corn starch. With the increase of temperature, the crystallization zone gradually decreases and disappears. This observation was confirmed by the hot table microscope experiment.

用激光共聚焦顯微鏡（CLSM）觀察玉米淀粉的生長年輪發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著溫度的升高，玉米淀粉的生長年輪逐漸從斷裂，向全粒擴散。  GPC 測試有助于確定不同溫度下玉米淀粉的分子量。 隨著溫度的升高，玉米淀粉的廣度指數(shù)分布逐漸增大，直鏈淀粉和支鏈淀粉處于破碎狀態(tài)。

Using laser confocal microscope (CLSM) to observe the growth rings of corn starch, it was found that with the increase of temperature, the growth rings of corn starch gradually broke from the center to the whole grain. GPC test is helpful to determine the molecular weight of corn starch at different temperatures. With the increase of temperature, the breadth index distribution of corn starch gradually increased, and amylose and amylopectin were in a broken state.

與傳統(tǒng)塑料制品相比，玉米淀粉粒狀材料及制品的優(yōu)勢在于：

Compared with traditional plastic products, corn starch granular materials and products have the following advantages:

性能相近：與同類傳統(tǒng)塑料制品具有相同、相近的性能；

Similar performance: it has the same and similar performance with similar traditional plastic products;

環(huán)保：淀粉基生物基塑料及制品具有節(jié)約石油資源、減少二氧化碳排放的優(yōu)勢； 淀粉基生物降解塑料及制品具有完全可生物降解和可堆肥的優(yōu)勢，實現(xiàn)垃圾無害化處理的優(yōu)勢；

Environmental protection: starch based bio based plastics and products have the advantages of saving oil resources and reducing carbon dioxide emissions; Starch based biodegradable plastics and products have the advantages of complete biodegradation and composting, and realize the advantages of harmless waste treatment;

不含有害物質(zhì)：淀粉基材料及制品不含增塑劑、雙酚A、重金屬等有毒有害物質(zhì)；

No harmful substances: starch based materials and products do not contain plasticizers, bisphenol A, heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances;

生產(chǎn)過程：生產(chǎn)過程中不排放三廢，不會對環(huán)境造成新的污染；

Production process: no three wastes are discharged during the production process, which will not cause new pollution to the environment;

成本：淀粉基生物基塑料材料及制品與普通石油塑料制品相同，淀粉基全生物降解材料及制品成本約為普通石油塑料的兩倍。

Cost: starch based bio based plastic materials and products are the same as ordinary petroleum plastic products, and the cost of starch based fully biodegradable materials and products is about twice that of ordinary petroleum plastics.

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